Lightweight airframes, vehicles and structures
Wrought and cast aluminum families spanning non-heat-treatable and precipitation-hardenable systems for lightweight structures, thermal hardware, transportation and aerospace.

Wrought and cast aluminum families spanning non-heat-treatable and precipitation-hardenable systems for lightweight structures, thermal hardware, transportation and aerospace.
Wrought and cast aluminum families spanning non-heat-treatable and precipitation-hardenable systems for lightweight structures, thermal hardware, transportation and aerospace.
Wrought and cast aluminum families spanning non-heat-treatable and precipitation-hardenable systems for lightweight structures, thermal hardware, transportation and aerospace.
Wrought and cast aluminum families spanning non-heat-treatable and precipitation-hardenable systems for lightweight structures, thermal hardware, transportation and aerospace.
Wrought and cast aluminum families spanning non-heat-treatable and precipitation-hardenable systems for lightweight structures, thermal hardware, transportation and aerospace.
| Control area | Engineering content |
|---|---|
| Representative alloys / grades | 1xxx commercially pure Al; 2xxx Al-Cu; 3xxx Al-Mn; 5xxx Al-Mg; 6xxx Al-Mg-Si; 7xxx Al-Zn-Mg(-Cu); Al-Li families; common casting alloys such as Al-Si-Mg and Al-Si-Cu. |
| Processing variables | Rolling, extrusion, forging, casting, solution heat treatment, quenching, natural/artificial aging, welding/brazing, machining, anodizing and additive routes. |
| Failure / degradation modes | Fatigue, exfoliation/intergranular corrosion, stress-corrosion cracking in susceptible tempers, galvanic attack, weld softening/HAZ effects, creep at temperature and notch sensitivity. |
| Verification & qualification | Exact alloy/temper, product form, grain direction, tensile/yield/elongation, fatigue/fracture where needed, corrosion state, conductivity, thermal properties, joining procedure and heat-treatment traceability. |

Carbon steels, HSLA, alloy steels, stainless, precipitation-hardening, maraging and tool-steel families organized by strength, toughness, corrosion, temperature and manufacturability.
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Commercially pure, alpha, alpha-beta and beta titanium families for high specific strength, corrosion resistance, fatigue performance and elevated-temperature aerospace or biomedical service.
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Nickel- and cobalt-base alloy families engineered for creep, oxidation, corrosion and strength retention in turbines, combustors, reactors and severe hot-section service.
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High-conductivity copper, precipitation-strengthened copper alloys, copper-nickel and traditional brasses/bronzes for electrical, thermal, joining and corrosion-controlled service.
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